私のDebianは不安定でswaywmに付属しています。 i3でも同じ問題を再現できます。
チーズを立ち上げて走っていたところsudo dmesg、得ました。最初の実行後、チーズはすぐに「このビデオの再生中にエラーが発生しました」という黒い画面に切り替わります。
[ 5623.291220] usb 1-5: USB disconnect, device number 25
[ 5623.714000] usb 1-5: new high-speed USB device number 26 using xhci_hcd
[ 5623.888575] usb 1-5: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=5689, bcdDevice=65.10
[ 5623.888598] usb 1-5: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=1, SerialNumber=2
[ 5623.888607] usb 1-5: Product: Integrated Webcam
[ 5623.888615] usb 1-5: Manufacturer: CNFFH36O3624006C3652
[ 5623.888621] usb 1-5: SerialNumber: 0x0001
[ 5623.896625] usb 1-5: Found UVC 1.00 device Integrated Webcam (0bda:5689)
Google Meetを起動した後にdmesgが表示する内容は次のとおりです。
[ 5801.675394] uvcvideo 1-5:1.1: Failed to resubmit video URB (-19).
[ 5802.113321] usb 1-5: new high-speed USB device number 27 using xhci_hcd
[ 5802.291824] usb 1-5: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=5689, bcdDevice=65.10
[ 5802.291844] usb 1-5: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=1, SerialNumber=2
[ 5802.291852] usb 1-5: Product: Integrated Webcam
[ 5802.291858] usb 1-5: Manufacturer: CNFFH36O3624006C3652
[ 5802.291864] usb 1-5: SerialNumber: 0x0001
[ 5802.301632] usb 1-5: Found UVC 1.00 device Integrated Webcam (0bda:5689)
[ 5810.273317] usb 1-5: USB disconnect, device number 27
[ 5810.275431] uvcvideo 1-5:1.1: Failed to resubmit video URB (-19).
[ 5810.279429] uvcvideo 1-5:1.1: Failed to resubmit video URB (-19).
[ 5810.283422] uvcvideo 1-5:1.1: Failed to resubmit video URB (-19).
LEDが一度点滅し、Google Meet画面に「統合Webカメラに接続されている：（0bda：5689）ですが、カメラの電源が入らない。この問題を解決するにはどうすればよいですか？
システムをアップグレードした後、次のメッセージの受信を開始しました。
[14586.486702] usb 1-5: Failed to query (GET_CUR) UVC control 2 on unit 2: -71 (exp. 2).
[14586.486806] usb 1-5: USB disconnect, device number 8
[14586.486924] usb 1-5: Failed to query (GET_CUR) UVC control 2 on unit 2: -71 (exp. 2).
[14586.486948] usb 1-5: Failed to query (GET_CUR) UVC control 2 on unit 2: -19 (exp. 2).
[14586.486960] usb 1-5: Failed to query (GET_CUR) UVC control 2 on unit 2: -19 (exp. 2).
[14586.486972] usb 1-5: Failed to query (GET_CUR) UVC control 2 on unit 2: -19 (exp. 2).
[14586.486983] usb 1-5: Failed to query (GET_CUR) UVC control 2 on unit 2: -19 (exp. 2).
[14586.487007] usb 1-5: Failed to query (GET_CUR) UVC control 3 on unit 2: -19 (exp. 2).