私はAlmaLinux 9インストールでオーディオを実行するためにUSBサウンドカードを使用しています。これ以上オーディオが聞こえなくなって何か変更したようです（しかし、AlmaLinuxはサウンドが正常に再生されたと思います）。起動時にGUIからテキストモードに切り替えましたが、それが重要だとは思いません。どうすればいいのかわかりません...誰かがここで問題を確認してください。
たとえば、次のコマンドは正常に完了します。
aplay /data/sounds/intruder_alert.wav
Playing WAVE '/data/sounds/intruder_alert.wav' : Signed 16 bit Little Endian, Rate 22050 Hz, Mono
起動時にUSBオーディオデバイスが検出されることを確認しました（「input、hidraw1」が手がかりかどうかわからない）。
[ 2.586749] hub 2-2:1.0: USB hub found
[ 2.589077] hub 2-2:1.0: 7 ports detected
[ 3.536316] usb 2-2.1: new full-speed USB device number 4 using uhci_hcd
[ 4.432226] usb 2-2.1: New USB device found, idVendor=08bb, idProduct=2902, bcdDevice= 1.00
[ 4.432236] usb 2-2.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[ 4.432243] usb 2-2.1: Product: USB Audio CODEC
[ 4.432248] usb 2-2.1: Manufacturer: Burr-Brown from TI
[ 4.524947] input: Burr-Brown from TI USB Audio CODEC as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:11.0/0000:02:00.0/usb2/2-2/2-2.1/2-2.1:1.3/0003:08BB:2902.0002/input/input6
[ 4.583437] hid-generic 0003:08BB:2902.0002: input,hidraw1: USB HID v1.00 Device [Burr-Brown from TI USB Audio CODEC ] on usb-0000:02:00.0-2.1/input3
サウンド関連ドライバはカーネルによってロードされます。
lsmod | grep snd
snd_seq_dummy 16384 0
snd_hrtimer 16384 1
snd_usb_audio 385024 2
snd_usbmidi_lib 45056 1 snd_usb_audio
snd_hwdep 16384 1 snd_usb_audio
snd_seq 94208 7 snd_seq_dummy
snd_pcm 151552 1 snd_usb_audio
snd_timer 49152 3 snd_seq,snd_hrtimer,snd_pcm
snd_rawmidi 45056 1 snd_usbmidi_lib
snd_seq_device 16384 2 snd_seq,snd_rawmidi
snd 122880 14 snd_seq,snd_seq_device,snd_hwdep,snd_usb_audio,snd_usbmidi_lib,snd_timer,snd_pcm,snd_rawmidi
soundcore 16384 1 snd
mc 69632 1 snd_usb_audio
私はパイプラインを実行しており、ノードは
pw-cli ls Node
id 28, type PipeWire:Interface:Node/3
object.serial = "28"
factory.id = "10"
priority.driver = "20000"
node.name = "Dummy-Driver"
id 29, type PipeWire:Interface:Node/3
object.serial = "29"
factory.id = "10"
priority.driver = "19000"
node.name = "Freewheel-Driver"
id 31, type PipeWire:Interface:Node/3
object.serial = "1736"
object.path = "alsa:pcm:0:front:0:playback"
factory.id = "18"
client.id = "33"
device.id = "44"
priority.session = "1009"
priority.driver = "1009"
node.description = "PCM2902 Audio Codec Analog Stereo"
node.name = "alsa_output.usb-Burr-Brown_from_TI_USB_Audio_CODEC-00.analog-stereo-output"
node.nick = "USB Audio CODEC"
media.class = "Audio/Sink"
id 37, type PipeWire:Interface:Node/3
object.serial = "35"
factory.id = "10"
client.id = "33"
node.name = "Midi-Bridge"
media.class = "Midi/Bridge"
id 42, type PipeWire:Interface:Node/3
object.serial = "1737"
object.path = "alsa:pcm:0:hw:0:capture"
factory.id = "18"
client.id = "33"
device.id = "44"
priority.session = "2009"
priority.driver = "2009"
node.description = "PCM2902 Audio Codec Analog Stereo"
node.name = "alsa_input.usb-Burr-Brown_from_TI_USB_Audio_CODEC-00.analog-stereo-input"
node.nick = "USB Audio CODEC"
media.class = "Audio/Source"
また、簡単なスピーカーテストも試しました。
speaker-test -c 2
speaker-test 1.2.8
Playback device is default
Stream parameters are 48000Hz, S16_LE, 2 channels
Using 16 octaves of pink noise
Rate set to 48000Hz (requested 48000Hz)
Buffer size range from 64 to 1048576
Period size range from 32 to 524288
Using max buffer size 1048576
Periods = 4
was set period_size = 262144
was set buffer_size = 1048576
0 - Front Left
1 - Front Right
Time per period = 11.005656
0 - Front Left
^C 1 - Front Right
Time per period = 5.263193
プレイデバイスを確認しました
aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: CODEC [USB Audio CODEC], device 0: USB Audio [USB Audio]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
aplay -L
null
Discard all samples (playback) or generate zero samples (capture)
sysdefault
Default Audio Device
oss
Open Sound System
pipewire
PipeWire Sound Server
default
Default ALSA Output (currently PipeWire Media Server)
sysdefault:CARD=CODEC
USB Audio CODEC, USB Audio
Default Audio Device
front:CARD=CODEC,DEV=0
USB Audio CODEC, USB Audio
Front output / input
surround21:CARD=CODEC,DEV=0
USB Audio CODEC, USB Audio
2.1 Surround output to Front and Subwoofer speakers
surround40:CARD=CODEC,DEV=0
USB Audio CODEC, USB Audio
4.0 Surround output to Front and Rear speakers
surround41:CARD=CODEC,DEV=0
USB Audio CODEC, USB Audio
4.1 Surround output to Front, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround50:CARD=CODEC,DEV=0
USB Audio CODEC, USB Audio
5.0 Surround output to Front, Center and Rear speakers
surround51:CARD=CODEC,DEV=0
USB Audio CODEC, USB Audio
5.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Rear and Subwoofer speakers
surround71:CARD=CODEC,DEV=0
USB Audio CODEC, USB Audio
7.1 Surround output to Front, Center, Side, Rear and Woofer speakers
iec958:CARD=CODEC,DEV=0
USB Audio CODEC, USB Audio
IEC958 (S/PDIF) Digital Audio Output
alsa ミキサーは、ボリュームがオンになっていることを示します。
amixer
Simple mixer control 'Master',0
Capabilities: pvolume pswitch pswitch-joined
Playback channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Playback 0 - 65536
Mono:
Front Left: Playback 55864 [85%] [on]
Front Right: Playback 55864 [85%] [on]
Simple mixer control 'Capture',0
Capabilities: cvolume cswitch cswitch-joined
Capture channels: Front Left - Front Right
Limits: Capture 0 - 65536
Front Left: Capture 26213 [40%] [on]
Front Right: Capture 26213 [40%] [on]
私はこれを以前に見たことがなく、それを診断する方法がわかりません。さて、スピーカーが正常に動作していることを確認しました（オーディオケーブルの接続に触れると、うなり声が聞こえます）。