このループで「警告: 反復 3u は未定義の動作を呼び出します」というメッセージが表示され、4 行以上出力されるのはなぜですか? 質問する

プログラムが何を実行しているかを分析できる唯一の方法は、生成されたアセンブリ コードを読み取ることです。

完全なアセンブリリストは次のとおりです。

    .file   "a.cpp"
    .section    .text$_ZNKSt5ctypeIcE8do_widenEc,"x"
    .linkonce discard
    .align 2
LCOLDB0:
LHOTB0:
    .align 2
    .p2align 4,,15
    .globl  __ZNKSt5ctypeIcE8do_widenEc
    .def    __ZNKSt5ctypeIcE8do_widenEc;    .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef
__ZNKSt5ctypeIcE8do_widenEc:
LFB860:
    .cfi_startproc
    movzbl  4(%esp), %eax
    ret $4
    .cfi_endproc
LFE860:
LCOLDE0:
LHOTE0:
    .section    .text.unlikely,"x"
LCOLDB1:
    .text
LHOTB1:
    .p2align 4,,15
    .def    ___tcf_0;   .scl    3;  .type   32; .endef
___tcf_0:
LFB1091:
    .cfi_startproc
    movl    $__ZStL8__ioinit, %ecx
    jmp __ZNSt8ios_base4InitD1Ev
    .cfi_endproc
LFE1091:
    .section    .text.unlikely,"x"
LCOLDE1:
    .text
LHOTE1:
    .def    ___main;    .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef
    .section    .text.unlikely,"x"
LCOLDB2:
    .section    .text.startup,"x"
LHOTB2:
    .p2align 4,,15
    .globl  _main
    .def    _main;  .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef
_main:
LFB1084:
    .cfi_startproc
    leal    4(%esp), %ecx
    .cfi_def_cfa 1, 0
    andl    $-16, %esp
    pushl   -4(%ecx)
    pushl   %ebp
    .cfi_escape 0x10,0x5,0x2,0x75,0
    movl    %esp, %ebp
    pushl   %edi
    pushl   %esi
    pushl   %ebx
    pushl   %ecx
    .cfi_escape 0xf,0x3,0x75,0x70,0x6
    .cfi_escape 0x10,0x7,0x2,0x75,0x7c
    .cfi_escape 0x10,0x6,0x2,0x75,0x78
    .cfi_escape 0x10,0x3,0x2,0x75,0x74
    xorl    %edi, %edi
    subl    $24, %esp
    call    ___main
L4:
    movl    %edi, (%esp)
    movl    $__ZSt4cout, %ecx
    call    __ZNSolsEi
    movl    %eax, %esi
    movl    (%eax), %eax
    subl    $4, %esp
    movl    -12(%eax), %eax
    movl    124(%esi,%eax), %ebx
    testl   %ebx, %ebx
    je  L15
    cmpb    $0, 28(%ebx)
    je  L5
    movsbl  39(%ebx), %eax
L6:
    movl    %esi, %ecx
    movl    %eax, (%esp)
    addl    $1000000000, %edi
    call    __ZNSo3putEc
    subl    $4, %esp
    movl    %eax, %ecx
    call    __ZNSo5flushEv
    jmp L4
    .p2align 4,,10
L5:
    movl    %ebx, %ecx
    call    __ZNKSt5ctypeIcE13_M_widen_initEv
    movl    (%ebx), %eax
    movl    24(%eax), %edx
    movl    $10, %eax
    cmpl    $__ZNKSt5ctypeIcE8do_widenEc, %edx
    je  L6
    movl    $10, (%esp)
    movl    %ebx, %ecx
    call    *%edx
    movsbl  %al, %eax
    pushl   %edx
    jmp L6
L15:
    call    __ZSt16__throw_bad_castv
    .cfi_endproc
LFE1084:
    .section    .text.unlikely,"x"
LCOLDE2:
    .section    .text.startup,"x"
LHOTE2:
    .section    .text.unlikely,"x"
LCOLDB3:
    .section    .text.startup,"x"
LHOTB3:
    .p2align 4,,15
    .def    __GLOBAL__sub_I_main;   .scl    3;  .type   32; .endef
__GLOBAL__sub_I_main:
LFB1092:
    .cfi_startproc
    subl    $28, %esp
    .cfi_def_cfa_offset 32
    movl    $__ZStL8__ioinit, %ecx
    call    __ZNSt8ios_base4InitC1Ev
    movl    $___tcf_0, (%esp)
    call    _atexit
    addl    $28, %esp
    .cfi_def_cfa_offset 4
    ret
    .cfi_endproc
LFE1092:
    .section    .text.unlikely,"x"
LCOLDE3:
    .section    .text.startup,"x"
LHOTE3:
    .section    .ctors,"w"
    .align 4
    .long   __GLOBAL__sub_I_main
.lcomm __ZStL8__ioinit,1,1
    .ident  "GCC: (i686-posix-dwarf-rev1, Built by MinGW-W64 project) 4.9.0"
    .def    __ZNSt8ios_base4InitD1Ev;   .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef
    .def    __ZNSolsEi; .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef
    .def    __ZNSo3putEc;   .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef
    .def    __ZNSo5flushEv; .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef
    .def    __ZNKSt5ctypeIcE13_M_widen_initEv;  .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef
    .def    __ZSt16__throw_bad_castv;   .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef
    .def    __ZNSt8ios_base4InitC1Ev;   .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef
    .def    _atexit;    .scl    2;  .type   32; .endef

for(int i = 0; /* nothing, that is - infinite loop */; i += 1000000000)
    std::cout << i << std::endl;

#include <iostream>

int main()
{
    // changed the termination condition
    for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
        std::cout << i*1000000000 << std::endl;
}

    ; ...snip...
L6:
    mov ecx, edi
    mov DWORD PTR [esp], eax
    add esi, 1000000000
    call    __ZNSo3putEc
    sub esp, 4
    mov ecx, eax
    call    __ZNSo5flushEv
    cmp esi, -1294967296 // here it is
    jne L7
    lea esp, [ebp-16]
    xor eax, eax
    pop ecx
    ; ...snip...